Cultural Briefing of Romania
For this research we have collected data from known sources on internet with valuable information that helped us in understanding the characteristics of Romanian nation, the government of Romania and its land.
The economical conditions of the country was greatly affected by the reforms which new government of Romania introduced and the thinking pattern of the youth of this nation. Therefore, this paper will help us gain the prime information related to conducting business in this region.
Introduction
In recent years, many of the Romanian industries including chemicals, timber, mining, metallurgy, machine building and construction materials etc., have foundered simply because they were unable to compete with similar industries in other countries as they were old fashioned. But, despite of them being failed in most of their industrial development, the tourism industry is growing since the beginning of 1990s. (Romania, n.d.)
When new communists government was formed, they started nationalizing Romanian industries, stores, transportation. The new government of Romania privatized farms as well and started allowing more privatized ownership of land which brought about a change resulted in increasing the agricultural output. They also introduced a law which allowed Romania citizens to claim the land of their ancestors which was taken away from their fore fathers almost four generations back and the people who began reclaiming the land were counted in millions. (Romania, n.d.) The Romanian government tried to improve by enabling the peoples and farmers to produce industrial goods for its domestic use the shortage of food and consumer goods still continues, it is still a problem and consumers have to wait to buy food and other daily life consumer goods from the stock that the local stores have, in long lines. (Romania, n.d.)
Cultural Briefing of Romania
The history and the background of Romania had its great influence on its tradition and culture. The Ottoman Empire, Balkans and the Slavic countries had a great influence on the culture of Romania which remains for a long period of time. Although from 19th century the cultural dominance is in the hand of Western world but still there is uniqueness in the culture of Romania. (Romanian Culture, n.d.)
Geography
From its location point of view the Romania is located in the southeastern part of Europe and is small as compare to Oregon. Geographically from North and South the country is divided by the Carpathian Mountains, and to the near of the center of the country it connects with the Transylvanian Alps. Transylvanian plateau lies to its North Western part and the Moldavia and Walachia plains lies to its Southeastern part. The Danube is the only River which flows from Romania which is in its Last 190 mi that is 306km. The Danube River flows into the Black Sea from its Northern Dobruja at the south border with Ukraine. (Romanian Culture, n.d.)
History of Romania
The Lower Palaeolitic Era traces the existence of Human life back in 2000 years BC, which is the oldest finding within the whole Europe. In the past the land was occupied by the Thracian tribes from the Greece who has created the state of Dacia. The culture of the Romans initialize by its victory upon the Dacians, which has ultimately the beginning of the rule of Romanization. (A Brief History of Romania, n.d.)
Through out the history of Romania it has become a worn and torn country because of its location. Because of its surrounding nations, the country has faced many invasions that have migrated from different areas and the country had produced many great heroes that had bravely defended their nation and land from these peoples. (A Brief History of Romania, n.d.)
Notable is Vlad the Impellers (The legendary Dracula) rein in Transylvania and Walachia against the Ottoman Turks and the Hungarians, and Stephen the Great in Northern Romania. (A Brief History of Romania, n.d.)
In recent years of the World wars the land of Romania had to face the trial from the raved chaos, the Nicolae Ceausescu dictator rule has destroyed the Economy of the country and its resources from his silly huge building development project. Under the communist rule the people faced a low standard life. (A Brief History of Romania, n.d.)
During 1989 the circle went to trough of the dictatorship and the democratic system re-established as a result Romania Economy is stable and reform or restore their cultural standards. As of now the Romania is upgrading their standards and is been related with Western Europe as it is a very well known place for travelers. In 2004 it was confirmed to be the part of NATO and is entered into the European Union in the year 2007. (A Brief History of Romania, n.d.)
Romanian People and Culture
People who are living outside the cities such as in Villages and Towns had very less change in their lifestyle over the years. It is very common for the villagers to use horse-drawn carriages as for their basic transport. (Romanian People, Culture and Language, n.d.)
The people in the Romania are normally welcoming and generous people, who always would like to share their views or stories about their villages with the travelers passes by. Romanians also invites at their home for their special traditional home cooked meal. (Romanian People, Culture and Language, n.d.)
The Romanian culture leads in its legends and traditions. The culture was once been taken from the Dacians, who had the area occupied in the ancient times. Festivals characteristic brilliantly ornamented set of clothes along with their traditional dancing. (Romanian People, Culture and Language, n.d.)
Some skillful elements that are included in the Romanian culture are Wood monument, pottery and woven carpets. Some of the unique folk of art such as glass painted and Easter eggs are decorated. These kinds of items can be found in many market places throughout the country that gives an attraction to the tourist travelling within the country. Romania had occupied some of the minority groups such as German, Ukrainian and Roma (Gypsy). (Romanian People, Culture and Language, n.d.)
Romanian Language
The Romanian has its own language like its neighboring country and the language is Latin based and is initially used by the Roman Empire who occupied its area. Like Spanish, Italian and French it is a Romance Language. (Romanian People, Culture and Language, n.d.)
For some villages and Towns the German and Hungarian are also spoken as the native language. Also the People of Romania in bigger cities and town can speak very well in French or English. (Romanian People, Culture and Language, n.d.)
Romanian Lifestyle
The Romanian Lifestyle is different from the one living under rural customs and the one living in the towns and cities. Although the villagers has kept their traditions well maintained. The people in the villages had been brought up with the spirit and were taught up respect from their young age for example the Sunday is considered as sacred day where people organize and arrange festival and fairs and take part in the activities. And at these function and festivals they wear their special folk costume that is a cultural symbol of continuity. Another aspect of the culture in the country concerned to their superstition and traditions or events that are interrelated to their religious days such as Easter and Christmas. These events represent the spiritual purity. (Romanian Lifestyle, n.d.)
The standard of living in the bigger towns and cities has another perspective as compare to the old traditions that were enjoyed by the smaller towns and villages. Towns and cities are alive and enjoy day to day basis throughout the year in order to avoid the stress of day to day work therefore enjoy weekdays and weekend as per their social lifestyle. (Romanian Lifestyle, n.d)
The young generation in the Romania is lively people, enjoys at clubs, Discos and takes active parts in special events and spends their time outside the towns and cities or enjoys Barbeque during the weekend. (Romanian Lifestyle, n.d.)
Romanian Economic System
The people included in the labor force of Romania is 9.6 million, 37 percent of which belongs to agriculture, 34 percent of which work in industries, and 29 percent of the labor force are in services. The rate of unemployment in Romania is eleven percent which also includes the fisherman who lives in Danube near Romanian fishing village. While, those who live below poverty lines are counted to be amongst twenty two percent of the population. (Romania, n.d.)
When new communists government was formed, they started nationalizing Romanian industries, stores, transportation. The new government of Romania privatized farms as well and started allowing more privatized ownership of land which brought about a change resulted in increasing the agricultural output. They also introduced a law which allowed Romania citizens to claim the land of their ancestors which was taken away from their fore fathers almost four generations back and the people who began reclaiming the land were counted in millions. (Romania, n.d.)
Most of the products which Romanians produced to be used domestically are agricultural products which include sugar beets, corn, wine grapes, sunflower seeds and wheat. Apart from above farmers also raise chickens, sheep, cows and pigs. (Romania, n.d.)
When communists government was formed they initialized the idea of nationalizing Romanian economical system by building these industrial sectors. The prime Romanian industries include timber, chemicals, construction materials, mining, machine building and metallurgy. However, due to hefty building projects the Romanian economical situation was destabilized through heavy debts which government paid off by exporting most of the goods they produce and importing very few. Their prime trade partner was Soviet Union who used to send their raw materials to Romanian factories where they were processed and sold back to U.S.S.R. United States, Germany, France and Italy were considered to be other trading partners of Romania but Soviet republics and Russia remained their important trading partners. (Romania, n.d.)
Due to this fact and their need of net exports to be in positive figures created consumer goods and food shortage in the country. The Romanian government, since 1989, is trying to construct a free-market economic system by removing price controls and privatizing some businesses. Because of the reforms, the Romanian government, has introduced most consumer goods are now available for purchase but since their costs and prices are higher than the wages they earn, therefore, most Romanians cannot afford to buy these goods and services. (Romania, n.d.)
Although the Romanian government tried to improve by enabling the peoples and farmers to produce industrial goods for its domestic use the shortage of food and consumer goods still continues, it is still a problem and consumers have to wait to buy food and other daily life consumer goods from the stock that the local stores have, in long lines. (Romania, n.d.)
In recent years, many of the Romanian industries including chemicals, timber, mining, metallurgy, machine building and construction materials etc., have foundered simply because they were unable to compete with similar industries in other countries as they were old fashioned. But, despite of them being failed in most of their industrial development, the tourism industry is growing since the beginning of 1990s. (Romania, n.d.)
While building industrial base in Romania the new government encouraged its population living in rural areas of the country to move to cities which resulted in creating shortage of farmers in the country. Most of the rural population which was influenced due to this reform by communists government was youth and younger males and therefore, the agricultural sector was left with older men and women of Romanian rural areas. (Romania, n.d.)
This new government and communists state urged the youth to pursue their careers in humanities and valued it highly, more than other fields. Many Romanians started switching their jobs since the beginning of 1990s as more new opportunities aroused including scientists and doctors entering into fields such as sales, journalism etc., (Romania, n.d.)
However, the poor people such as workers who work in factories and farmers have very little choice for their childrens future and for choosing their profession because their education is very expensive and therefore, they get very less opportunity for their advancement. (Romania, n.d.)
Business in Romania
The government of Romania has encouraged the investment opportunities as it establishes a legal framework with a market economy. Romania establishes its values for the foreign investor and companies confidence in investing in Romania. Foreign Companies would prefer for the joint investment with Romania. Processes followed by the successful companies at its initial phase establishes the company to the state of Romania and in its second phase would develop a strategy of creating a long term deal with the government of Romania and its market. This gives a surface to the negotiation of the deal between the foreign investors and companies and the Romanian Economic ministries, labor Unions, Local Partners and the Privatization Authority. (Romanian Laws, n.d.)
Romania government encourages greenfield Investments or joint venture with Private Company of Romania since they are less complex as compare to the Privatization Authority. The success with less complexity, deals were determined from involving small to medium sized state and private Enterprises. (Romanian Laws, Accessed on 1st March, 2010)
The people of Romania are socialized and usually talk lovers, therefore mobile phones are mandatory for doing the business within the cities and Towns although it is being surprisingly determined that these people speaks in excellent English where as the previous generation loves speaking in Germany and French. (Romanian Laws, n.d.)
Conclusion
The Roman structure is based upon its culture and its influence on People. They lead a high executive lives with enjoyment and are open to all. Their cultures are not nor are dominating and the people living there democratic rather than dictator. (A Brief History of Romania, n.d.)
From its location point of view it has been worn-Torn where as from inside area it is an enjoyable place for the travelers. They have a Latin sort of language and are fluent in English, German and French. (Romanian Culture, n.d.)
The country in recent years is good from opportunity point of view as lots of successful foreign investors involve in dealing practice with long term government relationship and settle their offices in Romania. (Romanian Laws, n.d.)
The place is being worse during the initial of 19th century and remains same till 1989. The Economic position of the country reaches to it worst until democratic system establish in 1989. (A Brief History of Romania, n.d.)
The communists, after World War II, initiated the idea of nationalizing economical system in Romania by building industrial sectors. However, due to hefty building projects the Romanian economical situation was destabilized through heavy debts which government paid off by exporting most of the goods they produce and importing very few. Due to this fact it created consumer goods and food shortage in the country. The Romanian government, since 1989, is trying to construct a free-market economic system by removing price controls and privatizing some businesses. Because of the reforms, the Romanian government, has introduced most consumer goods are now available for purchase but since their costs and prices are higher than the wages they earn, therefore, most Romanians cannot afford to buy these goods and services. (Romania, n.d.)
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